European DSA Recipients of Services Report

Publication for the European Digital Services Act.

In accordance with Article 24(2) of the Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 October 2022 on a Single Market For Digital Services and amending Directive 2000/31/EC (the Digital Services Act), set forth below are the numbers of average monthly active recipients in the EU of intermediary services within the scope of that Article, calculated as an average over the period of the six months to 31 July 2023.

Under Article 3(b) of the DSA, “recipients” of an intermediary service are natural or legal persons who use it, in particular for the purposes of seeking information or making it accessible, including business users, consumers and other users. Recipients of an online platform are "active" where they are “actually engaging with the service at least once in a given period of time, by being exposed to information disseminated on the online interface of the online platform, such as viewing it or listening to it, or by providing information”.

Online platforms with 45 million or more average monthly active recipients of the service in the Union, may be designated as very large online platforms (VLOPs). With this framework in mind, the below figures, compiled in accordance with Article 24 (2) of the DSA regarding recipients of the service, are approximated based on information that is readily available to Apple in the normal course of its business:

  • App Store*: 123 million
  • Apple Books: under 1 million
  • Podcasts paid subscriptions: under 1 million

* While ADI considers iOS App Store, iPadOS App Store, watchOS App Store, macOS App Store, and tvOS App to be separate online platforms, and that only iOS App Store should have been designated as a VLOP; nonetheless, in the light of the definition of App Store in Commission Decision C(2023) 2726 final of 25 April 2023, ADI has prepared this statement on the basis that it extends to those App Stores collectively. In the number provided above, recipients active on more than one App Store are counted only once.

In accordance with Article 42(3) of the Digital Services Act, and with European Commission Decision C(2023) 2726 final of 25 April 2023, below are the recipients of the service broken down by Member State, calculated according to the methodology above.



Country/RegionRecipients of the Service
Austria3 million
Belgium4 million
Bulgariaunder 1 million
Croatiaunder 1 million
Cyprusunder 1 million
Czechia2 million
Denmark4 million
Estoniaunder 1 million
Finland2 million
France24 million
Germany27 million
Greece1 million
Hungary2 million
Ireland2 million
Italy14 million
Latviaunder 1 million
Lithuaniaunder 1 million
Luxembourgunder 1 million
Maltaunder 1 million
Netherlands8 million
Poland5 million
Portugal2 million
Romania2 million
Slovakiaunder 1 million
Sloveniaunder 1 million
Spain11 million
Sweden6 million